Theory-Based Models
Theory-Based Models
Theory-Based Models
A short-run demand and supply framework showing how price level and output move when demand or cost conditions shift around long-run capacity.
Theory-Based Models
A compact aggregate-demand and aggregate-supply view for separating demand shocks, cost shocks, and long-run capacity.
Core question
What happens to output and prices when demand or supply shifts around capacity?
Start with this visual summary, then move to explore for parameter control and compare for side-by-side scenarios.
Variables
Aggregate real output.
Aggregate price level.
Capacity or potential output.
Visual readout
Output
93.0
Price level
90.6
Long-run gap
0.0
Potential output
93.0
Keep this panel as the fast first pass. Use explore for calibration workflow and compare for alternate scenarios.
Assumptions
Short-run supply responds gradually, not infinitely fast.
That gives the diagram its upward-sloping SRAS schedule.
Potential output anchors the long run.
The long-run benchmark is capacity, not the current demand position.
Parameters
Demand strength at a zero price level.
How quickly demand falls as prices rise.
Baseline cost pressure at zero output.
How quickly marginal costs rise as output expands.
Long-run capacity or sustainable output.
Shock presets
Shifts AD outward.
Raises the SRAS intercept and worsens the tradeoff.
Raises potential output.