Macroeconomic model reference

ARDL / bounds testing Model

Autoregressive distributed lag model for short-run dynamics and long-run relationships among variables that may have mixed integration orders.

Empirical forecasting models · Sources

ARDL / bounds testing sources, papers, and evidence trail

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References

Reference sources

Reference material used for orientation; read primary and academic sources first when claims conflict.

  1. [S1] Reference

    Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) introduced the bounds-testing approach with F and t critical value tables for five deterministic cases.

    Reference

  2. [S2] Reference

    Pesaran and Shin (1999) proved that ARDL-based long-run estimates are consistent and asymptotically normal even with endogenous regressors, provided lag orders are adequate.

    Reference

  3. [S3] Reference

    Narayan (2005) tabulated small-sample critical values for the bounds test with T = 30 to 80.

    Reference

  4. [S4] Reference

    Kripfganz and Schneider (2020) provided updated critical values and p-values accounting for finite-sample adjustments and additional deterministic components.

    Reference

  5. [S5] Reference

    Shin, Yu, and Greenwood-Nimmo (2014) developed the Nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) for testing asymmetric cointegration.

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  6. [S6] Reference

    Banerjee, Dolado, and Mestre (1998) proposed the t-test version of the error-correction-based cointegration test.

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  7. [S7] Reference

    McNown, Sam, and Goh (2018) augmented the PSS bounds test with an additional F-test on the regressors' lagged levels to avoid degenerate cases.

    Reference

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