Macroeconomic model reference

Small-open-economy NK Model

Adds exchange rates, external demand, and imported inflation to the sticky-price policy core.

DSGE models · Sources

Small-open-economy NK sources, papers, and evidence trail

Primary papers, model variants, source notes, and review signals behind the Small-open-economy NK page.

References

Academic and research sources

Peer-reviewed papers, books, and research used to ground model mechanisms or contested interpretations.

  1. [S1] Review of Economic Studies

    Monetary Policy and Exchange Rate Volatility in a Small Open Economy

    Gali and Monacelli's small-open-economy New Keynesian model.

    Academic - Review of Economic Studies - dated 2005

Reference sources

Reference material used for orientation; read primary and academic sources first when claims conflict.

  1. [S2] Reference

    Gali and Monacelli (2005) -- Monetary Policy and Exchange Rate Volatility in a Small Open Economy, the canonical SOE-NK treatment with complete pass-through.

    Reference

  2. [S3] Reference

    Monacelli (2005) -- Monetary Policy in a Low Pass-Through Environment, introduced incomplete pass-through (LCP) into the SOE-NK framework.

    Reference

  3. [S4] Reference

    Corsetti, Dedola, and Leduc (2010) -- Optimal Monetary Policy in Open Economies, studied welfare-based policy under incomplete markets and LCP.

    Reference

  4. [S5] Reference

    Justiniano and Preston (2010) -- Bayesian estimation of an open economy DSGE model with incomplete pass-through, demonstrated empirical fit for Canada and Australia.

    Reference

  5. [S6] Reference

    Schmitt-Grohe and Uribe (2003) -- Closing Small Open Economy Models, provided techniques for inducing stationarity in SOE models.

    Reference

  6. [S7] Reference

    De Paoli (2009) -- Monetary Policy and Welfare in a Small Open Economy, showed optimal policy departs from strict inflation targeting in the open economy.

    Reference

Research footing

Evidence and data

Read inflation, output, exchange rates, import prices, external demand, and risk premia together.

Calibration or measurement

Openness, exchange-rate pass-through, foreign-demand persistence, and risk-premium shocks dominate results.

Boundaries

  • Large-country spillbacks are outside the small-economy assumption.
  • Currency mismatch needs another balance-sheet block.
  • Capital controls are not native to the baseline.

Use guidance

When sufficient
Monetary policy analysis, exchange-rate pass-through, and external-demand spillovers in a small open economy with a floating rate and open capital account. The Gali-Monacelli 2005 (RES) framework gives clean forward-looking predictions for the optimal policy trade-off between domestic inflation and the output gap when imported goods enter CPI and the law of one price holds at the border.
When sketch only
Use as the open-economy extension of the standard three-equation NK model, not as a model of capital-flow surges, dollarization, or sudden stops. The small-economy assumption rules out spillbacks from domestic policy to the rest of the world. Sterilized intervention, currency mismatch on bank balance sheets, and sovereign risk premia each require a separate block.
When to switch
Switch to a model with imperfect capital mobility or portfolio balance (Schmitt-Grohe-Uribe 2003 JIE debt-elastic premium) when the interest-parity condition fails persistently. Switch to a sudden-stop model (Mendoza 2010 AER) when binding collateral constraints and capital reversals define the episode.
Falsification signal
Exchange-rate pass-through that is systematically near zero during non-stress periods but spikes or reverses during risk-off episodes violates the model's assumption of stable import-price elasticity. If the domestic inflation response to a 10 percent depreciation swings from near zero to 2 or 3 percent depending on the financial-stress regime, the constant-pass-through parameter is misspecified.

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